crosswords

=Crossword solutions= **Communications & Media Terms** advertising audience barriers business communication connectivity crisis management customers digital divide e-business effectiveness employees ethical event management social networking Facebook YouTube LinkedIn financial image indicators internal management marketing media networking non-verbal objective /-s performance public/-s relations security sponsorship strategy Twitter verbal website

**Marketing Terms**

Transit advertising/advertising appearing on vehicles (buses, trains, taxis etc) Motivation/the force that drives us to satisfy a need Core product/extensive effort goes into purchase of these Consumer/person who purchases and uses a product Discretionary income/income left after spending on necessities disposable income/money left after taxes have been paid product positioning/development of a product image compared with competing products product/good, service or idea that can be offered in exchange culture/society's beliefs, values and customs logo/graphic representation that identifies a business or product convenience product/frequently purchased items which are rapidly used marketing mix/The right balance of the four elements of marketing consumer product/a good or service acquired for personal use promotion/methods used by a business to inform, remind and persuade its target market specialty product/infrequently purchased by a small group augmented product/product enhanced by the addition of related services and benefits advertisement/means of communicating with the market lifestyle/a group's activities, interests and opinions of themselves perception/how we receive, organise and interpret information brand/name, term or symbol that identifies a specific product market/meeting place between consumers and suppliers market share/the proportion of total sales of an item that one business possesses price/element of the marketing mix that determines the price to the consumer input/good or service acquired for producing other products target market/the consumers who have access to and sufficient income to purchase a product

AIDA model of communication/A communication model which aims to obtain Attention, Interest, Desire and Action. Advertising objective/The objective of your communication strategy. To inform of a new development, persuade or remind. Benefit/The gain obtained from the use of a particular product or service. Consumers purchase product or services because of their desire to gain these built in benefits. Benefit Segmentation/Dividinga market according to the benefit they seek from aparticular product or service. Brand name/Used for the identification of goods or services. Can be a name, term, sign or symbol.A well managed brand should uphold certain values and beliefs. Brand extension strategy/The process of using an existing brand name to extend on to a new product or service e.g. The application of the brand name Virgin on a number of business activities. Break-even/A point for a business where turnover is equivalent to all costs. Cash cow/A product or service which generates cash for the business, used to finance other areas of the organisation. Competitive Advantage/Offering a different benefit to that of your competitors. Competitor Analysis/Process of understanding and analysing a competitors strengths and weaknesses, with the aim that anorganisation will find a competitive positioning difference within the market. Competition pricing/Setting a price in comparison with competitors. Concept testing/Testing the idea of a new product or service with your target audience. Brand repositioning/An attempt to change consumer perceptions of a particular brand. For example VW has successfully repositioned the Skoda brand. Data mining/Application of artificial intelligence to solve marketing problems and aiding forecasting and prediction of marketing data. Dichotomous question/Questions which limit the responses of the respondent eg YES - NO. Direct marketing/The process of sending promotion material to a named person within an organisation. Diversification/A growth strategy which involves an organisation toprovide new products or services. The new products on offer could be related or unrelated to the organisations core activities. Demography/A study of the population. Demographic segmentation/Dividing the populationinto age, gender, income and socio-economic groups amongst other variables. Early Adopter/Those who adopt a product or service in the early stages of its lifecycle. Early Majority/Those who adopt a product or service after it has been established and excepted as the standard. Engels Law/Suggest that peoples spending patterns change as their income rises. Exclusive distribution/Limiting the distribution of a product to particular retail store to create an exclusive feel to the brand or product. Econometric modeling/Application of statistical techniques in marketing analysis Focus Group/A simultaneous interview conducted amongst 6-8 respondents.The aim is to obtain qualitative information on the given topic. Geographic segmentation/Dividing the market into certain geographic regions e.g. towns, cities or neighborhoods. Innovator/Those consumers who are the first to adopt a product or service at the beginning of its lifecycle. They are usually willing to pay a premium to have the benefit of being the first. Intensive distribution/Distributing a product to as many retail outlets as possible. Laggards/Those consumers who adopt the product or service as it reaches the end of its lifecycle. They usally pay a competitive price for the benefit of waiting. Lifestyle segmentation/ Analyzing consumers activities, interest and opinion (AIOs) to develop a profile on the given segment. Market Development Strategy/ Selling an existing product or service in a new and developing market. Mass marketing/ The promotion of a product or service to all consumers. Marketing Mix/The strategy of the organisation consistingof products, price, place and promotion strategy (also known as the 4p's). Marketing Planning/A written document which plans the marketing activities of an organisation for a given period. The document should include an environmental analysis, marketing mix strategies and any contingency plans should an organisation not reach their given objectives. Market position/ The perception of a product or an organisation from the view of the consumer. Market research/Analysing and collecting data on the environment, customers and competitors for purposes ofbusiness decision making. Modified Rebuy/Where an organiation has to make changes to aspecific buying situation. New buy/Where an organisation faces the task ofpurchasing a new product or service. Niche marketing/ The process of concentrating your resources and efforts on one particular segment Objective to task method/Setting a advertising budget based on the desired goals of the communication campaign. Open ended questions/Questions which encourage the respondent to provide their own answers. Paretos Law (80/20) /A rule which suggests that 80% of an organisations turnovers is generated from 20% of their customers. Penetration pricing/ A pricing strategy where the organisation sets a low price to increase sales and market share. Perceptual map/Mapping a product or organisation alongside all competitors in the hope to find a ' positioning gap' in the given market. Personal selling/ Selling a product or services one to one. Primary data/The process of organising and collecting data for an organisation. Product Development Strategy/The development of a new product or service aimed at the organisation existing market.The aim is to increase expenditure within the segment. Product Life Cycle/ The life stage of a product,includes,introduction, growth, maturity and decline. Product Cannibalisation/ Loosing sales of a product to another similarproduct within the same product line. Public relations/The process ofbuilding good relations with the organisations various stakeholders. Relationship marketing/ Creating a long-term relationship with existing customers. The aim is to build strong consumer loyalty. Sales promotion/An incentive to encourage the sale of a product or service e.g. money off coupons, buy one, get one free. Secondary data/ Researching information which has already been published. Segmentation/ The process ofdividing a market into groups that display similar behaviour and characteristics. Skimming pricing/A pricing strategy where an organisation sets an initial high price andthen slowly lowers the price to make the product available to a wider market. Straight Rebuy/ Where an organisation reorders without modification to the specification. SWOT analysis/ A model used to conduct a self appraisal of an organisation. The model looks at internal strengths and weaknesses and external environmental opportunities and threats. Test marketing/ Testing a new product or service within a specific region before national launch. Usage segmentation/ Dividing you segment into non, light, medium or heavy users.